This is a good overview by Leo Miranda-Castro:
“Regenerative agriculture offers a promising pathway for conserving endangered and at-risk species by restoring ecological processes that begin beneath our feet and extend upward to create thriving habitats.
The foundation of this approach lies in soil ecology. Conventional farming practices often degrade soil through repeated tillage, heavy chemical use, and bare ground between crops. These actions diminish organic matter, disrupt microbial communities, and reduce the activity of earthworms, fungi, and bacteria essential to nutrient cycling and soil structure.
The foundation of this approach lies in soil ecology. Conventional farming practices often degrade soil through repeated tillage, heavy chemical use, and bare ground between crops. These actions diminish organic matter, disrupt microbial communities, and reduce the activity of earthworms, fungi, and bacteria essential to nutrient cycling and soil structure.
Regenerative methods can reverse this decline. By minimizing or eliminating tillage, maintaining continuous living cover through cover crops, and incorporating diverse plant species, farmers rebuild soil organic matter and foster abundant biological life underground. Healthy, biologically active soils become more resilient, better able to store water, resist erosion, and support plant growth with fewer external inputs.
This revitalized soil ecology sets the stage for broader ecological benefits. As soil health improves, farms can sustain more diverse and productive plant communities. Cover crops, perennial pastures, and polycultures provide nectar, pollen, and habitat for pollinators and other insects. These insect populations serve as critical food sources for birds, small mammals, and amphibians while also contributing to natural pest control.
For species facing population declines, such as the monarch butterfly, these changes are meaningful. Monarchs depend on milkweed as the sole host plant for their caterpillars and on a variety of flowering plants for adult nectar. Regenerative systems that integrate milkweed and diverse blooming species directly address habitat loss—one of the primary drivers of the species’ decline.
On farms that integrate livestock, rotational grazing and managed forestry further enhances habitat quality. By moving animals frequently and allowing adequate rest periods, pastures develop varied heights and densities of vegetation. This structural diversity creates nesting sites, foraging areas, and protective cover for grassland-dependent birds, small mammals, and other wildlife that have suffered from the simplification of modern agricultural landscapes.”
